The Rights Of State Governments And The Federal Government

Selective Incorporation, also called the Incorporation Doctrine, says that states cannot enact laws nor make court rulings that take away the constitutional rights of American citizens that are given by the Bill of Rights. Origins of this doctrine dates back to the beginning of constitutional America. There were debates over the relationship between the rights of state governments and the federal government. To guarantee that certain rights were not limited, the Federalist, an early political party, had insisted that the Bill of Rights to be added to the Constitution before they signed it. But even years after the addition of the Bill of Rights to the constitution, there are still debates over the extent of the relationship the federal government has with state governments. On July 9, 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified stating â€Å"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.† Since then this amendment has continued to play a divisive role in criminal procedures throughout history. The amendment guarantees the right to fairness in decisions made in aShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement And The Federal Government Records Of The United States Essay953 Words   |  4 PagesI took another visit to the Library of Congress, located in Washington D.C. I went to James Madison building. My purpose at the library was to resea rch The Civil Rights Movement and the Federal Government Records of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Police-Community Relations in Urban Areas, 1954–1966 and obtain information from the Newspaper and Current Periodical reading room. I was really disappointed that the librarian directed to me to ProQuest periodical. There was no other access of informationRead MoreThe Issue Of National Supremacy985 Words   |  4 Pagesdeals with the right of the federal government to create its own bank, Gibbons deals with the right of the federal government to regulate interstate and foreign commerce. National supremacy refers to the idea that when there is a conflict between a state law and a federal law, the federal law takes precedence. It comes from the Supremacy Clause in Article Six, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution. The clause makes the United States Constitution, its treaties, and its federal laws the highestRead MoreThe United States And National Government1621 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States has a federal system of government where the states and national government exercise separate powers within their own spheres of authority. Federalism is a system of government where power is controlled by two levels of government, generally national and state. National government mainly deal with issues that affect the entire country, while state deal with smaller issues on a local level. James Madison says that the states and national government are in fact but different agentsRead MoreFederal Power Vs. Federal Government1206 Words   |  5 Pagesto the soul of man,† Robert Green Ingersoll once said. The United States was born out of a fight for liberty, and Americans continue to fight for those very rights today. Part of this fight is the constant power struggle between the States and Federal Government. Federal power evolved throughout history and has acquired many different shapes. Ultimately, the goal is to properly distribute powers between the Government and the States (Dautrich Yalof, 2013). The Constitution elucidates who holdsRead MoreWhat Is The Supreme Law Of The Land1041 Words   |  5 Pagesroles of our newly formed government, the contributions of our residents, define the methods of promoting and controlling trade, healthcare, the laws of our society, and the framework for interpreting and adopting this document. This document will become the supreme law of the land. Our constitution is designed to uphold policies which do not promote an agenda but to provide for ideas which create solutions for our country at large. Due to this reasoning our federal government shall be reigning as theRead MoreThe Current State Of The Government856 Words   |  4 PagesIn the current state of the government, there is a constant question about states having more or less power compared to the federal government. There is a true power problem, one in which the Constitution tried to address when the founding fathers first created the document and established Federalism. Federalism is a system of government where power is divided geographically between national government and sub-nations or states (The Constitution, 2013). Through the centuries, the power has swungRead MoreGovernment As A Federalist Type Of Government1077 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States Government is kept in check by two types of government the federal and the state, which follows the Common Law System (Hames, J. B., Ekern, Y. 2010 pg. 3). This type of Government is considered to be a Federalist type of Government in comparison to a Monarchy, where one person makes all the decisions. Each government has its own system and their own powers, but each of them resembles the other for the most part in the structure. The two governments each have their own power,Read MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution891 Words   |  4 Pagesconfederation was important in the United States because it affected the way over government functions today. Specifically, under the Article of confederation, the United States was intended to be formed on a basis of Federalism. Within this structure of Federalism, states have their own rights and majority of power with its people. The federal government on the other hand, was design to play a small role in the nation. In comparison to individual states, federal government had less power and responsibilityRead MoreConstitution Work sheet Essay1712 Words   |  7 PagesArticles of the United States Constitution Worksheet Part I: Principles of the Constitution The constitution consists of some primary principles. Briefly explain the following principles and their significance in shaping American government. * Self-Government: Is the most important principle in the Constitution of the United States and refers to the need to have a system which would make sure that everyone has a voice in the local, state and national governments.(www.4uth.gov.ua) Read MoreEssay about The Evolution of Federalism981 Words   |  4 PagesArticles of Confederation bound the states together in two main aspects; foreign and military affairs. The Articles of Confederation worked well while all the states had a common cause. However, as soon as the war ended and interests began to change, it became obvious that the Articles were not enough. This brings on the creation of Federalism (Reinventing American Federalism).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In May of 1787, in the city of Philadelphia, delegates from all thirteen states met in order to â€Å"create a more perfect

Modernism is manifested in many various ways in the works...

Modernism is manifested in many various ways in the works by Southern Renaissance writers. All of the writers studied for this time period used multiple themes of modernism. In As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner portrays modernism through his characters by having each character narrate their different parts of the story. This type of narration, though fragmented, allows various viewpoints to be heard, and it allows a look into the mind or psychology of each character. In Flannery O’Connor’s, Good Country People, there is the use of bizarre and outlandish actions and descriptions of characters in order to show the degeneration of society. Flannery’s use of the grotesque in order to show the absurdity of situations is a modern†¦show more content†¦We learn about whoever is talking by the way they speak and we learn about the others from the way they are spoken about. Darl speaks the most; he is the thinker. Jewel speaks the least; he is a man of actio n. Cash is a systematic, logical man; he is a perfectionist and a craftsman. Addie did not like her husband and Dewey Dell was pregnant and did not like Darl. Anse is lazy, Cora is a very religious neighbor and Vardamn is a child who has a very childlike with a very juvenile way of thinking. We were able to learn all of these things about each character without an objective narrator. In Good Country People, we see the characters of the story going against social norms, which is a theme of modernism. Hulga can be looked at as the modernist and her mother, Mrs. Hopewell, can be viewed at the traditional woman. Hulga’s negative outlook on life and refusal to have a belief in religion is modernistic. Modernists embraced the future and were beginning to leave the past behind. They became skeptical about the traditions of their forefathers; they scrutinized traditions. Hulga was very skeptical of the bible salesman, Manley; she felt that she was intellectually superior to him and anyone else who had the old fashioned beliefs in religion. Hulga was a very educated intellectual; being an educated woman with a Doctorate in Philosophy was also a very modern concept for this time frame.Show MoreRelatedModernism : Modernism And Modernism901 Words   |  4 Pagesmoving from Modernism to Postmodernism. Modernism s birth is somewhat controversial but our text put s it at 1910. Paul Cezanne, who was closely tied with Cubism, has been credited as one of the fathers of Modernism. A lot was changing during this period which produced a slew of new styles such as, Post Impressionism, Symbolism, and Surrealism to name a few. Modernism thrived from the early 20th century until the period denoted by World War II at which point it fell out of favor. Modernism was characterizedRead MoreModernism And Modernism : Postmodernism And Postmodernism1632 Words   |  7 PagesModernism is what most people describe as what came before postmodernism. For this essay I will first be looking at what the meaning of modernism and postmodernism is and I will also be looking at the different factors of both modernism and postmodernism and why modernism has declined and has been rejected. I will also be researching on how modernism and postmodernism started and why it started and for this I will be looking at different characteristic of both modernism and post moder nism and compareRead MorePost Modernism Modernism1876 Words   |  8 Pagesis looking at the world producing different knowledge in different ways and this different perspective come to be associated with their own concepts amp; theories. (Hatch amp; Cunliffe 2006) In my essay, I will use three perspectives which is modernism, symbolic interpretive and postmodernism and show their different views on the role of technology in organisations and why they hold them. Then, I will analyse each perspective to what they have to say on this issue and why do they say it. TheRead MoreModernism Movement : High And Low Modernism1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthem was more influential? An evident answer to these questions is through the exploration of Modernism movement: High and Low Modernism. World War I not only stimulated rapid advances in human technologies but also aroused new radical approaches to the political, industrial and social world. As consequences to these approaches, the ideology for â€Å"history and tradition† had been crucially challenged. Modernism is a movement with collections for activities and creations that explicitly rejecting the existedRead MoreModernism And Modernism Essay1885 Words   |  8 Pagesthey effected the period in which they were born. From doing this, we can show the impact of them effected not only in the sixties, but also today. The first genre of fiction that was born during these times was Postmodernism. Its predecessor, Modernism, also came from the events that were happening around the world, especially through the newfound interconnectedness with different nations through new technological communications, and through easier and safer travel. Through this, the world experiencedRead MoreModernist Modernism : High Modernism Vs. Low Modernism1944 Words   |  8 Pages Modern or Modernist? High Modernism vs. Low Modernism Damian Sun 1238719 University of Waikato â€Æ' Modernism was a movement that was developed during the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Modernism developed due to the changes happening in societies at the time. Around the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century there was a rise in the industrial society’s where there were advancements in technologies and machines, and a rapid growths in cities. This lead to aRead MoreThemes of Modernism859 Words   |  4 PagesThemes of Modernism The term Modernism refers to the shift in values and cultural awareness that appeared in the art and literature of the post- World War One period. Modernism showed that there had been a change since the previous Victorian period. The Victorian era and its literature showed a very optimistic outlook on life, but the new era of Modernism rejected this idea and chose to portray life to be extremely pessimistic. Many of the Modern writers showed the world and society to be in anRead MoreModernism Essay1103 Words   |  5 Pagesand the understanding of self. They explored the ideas of consciousness, alienation, and inner conflict within the mind, and asked important questions of the reader while testing the boundaries of the soul. Susan Gorsky, perfectly defines literary modernism, in her book Virginia Woolf In striving to present the rapid and often disturbing changes in their world, the writers of this era felt it essential to reform their means of expression. Poetry, Drama, and fictio n were subjected to intensive scrutinyRead MoreEssay on Difference of Modernism and Post Modernism931 Words   |  4 Pages Modernism and Post Modernism Have you ever wondered what the differences are between the modernism and post modernism? It seems like it would be easy to describe what they are by the words and what they are usually associated with. Yet, it’s actually a lot different then your thinking. Modernism is the movement in visual arts, music, literature, and drama, which rejected the old Victorian standards of how art should be made, consumed, and what it should mean. Modernists want the absolute truthRead MoreModernism Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesModernism is characterized by the rejection of tradition. Creatives of the Modernist era questioned what came before, looking for fresh ways to interpret familiar subjects, rejecting historical themes while searching for a means to understand and communicate the present (Medina 1995). Furthermore, Belting (2003, 17) states Modernism embraced â€Å"all the crises and schisms of the modern world†. The key points of this paper will be ascertained through the eval uation of four European Modernist artworks

Case Brief on Arizona versus Hicks Free Essays

Case Brief: Arizona v. Hicks The bullet was fired through the defendant’s apartment floor and went in to the apartment below and hit an individual who then called the police. Police responded to the incident and went first to the apartment where the bullet entered. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Brief on Arizona versus Hicks or any similar topic only for you Order Now The defendant, Hicks, was not in the apartment at the time, but the officers found and seized three guns and a stocking-cap mask, which were both plain sight. One of the officers saw two sets of stereo equipment that looked like they didn‘t belong there. The officer moved two turntables of the top of the equipment; the officer recorded their serial numbers and found them to be property stolen in a recent armed robbery. Mr. Hicks was found and charged with multiple crimes, released, and now the state appeals. The prosecution argued that since there were exigent circumstances to search the defendant’s home, any evidence found in â€Å"â€Å"plain sight†Ã¢â‚¬  was seized legally. The defense contested the validity of the search, claiming that the search of the stereo equipment was unwarranted based on its appearance alone and violated the defendant’s Fourth Amendment rights. The defendant is found guilty of the initial charges, but all evidence relating to the robbery charges is ruled fruit of an unlawful search by the state trial court and the Arizona Court of Appeals. When the Arizona Supreme Court denied review, the United States Supreme Court accepted the State’s request for a hearing. The Supreme Court first ruled that the warrantless entry by the officers, under the exigent circumstances exception to the warrant requirement, was valid. The court then ruled that the recording of the equipment’s serial numbers did not constitute a search or seizure. However, when the officer moved the turntable it was held to be a separate search, apart from the search for the defendant and his firearms. It was the court’s ruling that the officer did not have probable cause, only reasonable suspicion to search the stereo equipment. The evidence seized after the discovery of the turntables constituted unlawful search. The lower court’s decision was affirmed. Work Cited http://www. casebriefs. com/blog/law/criminal-procedure/criminal-procedure-keyed-to-weinreb/the-fourth-amendment-arrest-and-search-and-seizure/arizona-v-hicks How to cite Case Brief on Arizona versus Hicks, Papers

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Outsourcing in Fashion Industry

Question: Discuss about the Advantages And Disadvantages Of Outsourcing Business Functions In Fashion Industry. Answer: Overview of the Fashion Industry The value of fashion in our daily lives cannot be underestimated. The fashion industry has provided employment opportunities to millions of people around the world. It is a profession and a source of self-interest (d'Avolio, Bandinelli, and Rinaldi, 2015). Additionally, for individuals who are outside the fashion industry, it still plays a crucial role. The fashion industry is, therefore, important in the human society. In this regarding, critical analysis and evaluation of the industry are important in its development. As noted by Tselon (2016), fashion is diverse and is often influenced by different cultures that define who are. In the business environment today, outsourcing is playing a critical role in the operations in the fashion industry. Many companies have opted for manufacturing their products overseas (Andrade, Sousa, and Alves, 2015). The fashion industry is fast growing. Consumer demand is on the rise hence the need to produce goods and services efficiently and promptly. The advent of new technology is also impacting on the fashion as it has influenced consumer taste and preferences (Macchion, Moretto, Caniato, Caridi, Danese, and Vinelli, 2015). Is worth noting that globalization is one of the factors that have played a central role in influencing outsourcing (Bonetti, and Schiavone, 2014). With the increased interconnectivity, companies in the fashion industry are capable of collaborating in one way or another. Advantages of Outsourcing in the Fashion Industry Cost reduction is an important reason that compels companies to consider outsourcing. In this case, tasks that will cost a company much should be outsourced to other service providers who can provide the services reduced prices (Caniato, Crippa, Pero, Sianesi, and Spina, 2015). Companies are also in a position to hire experts who can complete tasks effectively, faster, efficiently, and cheaply. Hiring experts through outsourcing enable companies to gain opportunities for exploring new possibilities. Additionally, businesses can venture into various work specialization that will allow them to prosper in this period of high competition. Many studies have revealed that outsourcing has enabled the fashion industry to lower its cost of production (Ceccagno, 2016; d'Avolio, Bandinelli, and Rinaldi, 2015; Macchion et al., 2015). Many companies are seeking to outsource their production function to those countries where the overall cost of production is low. Countries with cheaper and readily available raw materials are in most cases preferred. Numerous studies indicate that through outsourcing, companies are in a position to pay fewer salaries and wages (Lin, Piercy, and Campbell, 2013). In the fashion industry, salaries are central in determining the overall cost of production. With outsourcing, companies can reduce their expenditures on salaries and wages. Further, outsourcing is critical in leveraging fashion companies from paying hefty taxes in their respective home countries (Cortez, Tu, Van Anh, Ng, and Vegafria, 2014). Most businesses are affected by high taxation because it reduces the profit margin. Evidence has shown that companies which engage in outsourcing can easily circumvent the strict and onerous regulations in their countries. Doing business in some countries appear to be expensive as a result of several regulations that affect business operations in the long run (Choi, Wallace, and Wang, 2016). According to Macchion et al. (2015; Tselon, 2016), limited regulation is crucial to the fashion industry because manufacturers can lower their retail prices while still maintaining a considerable profit margin. It is imperative to note that outsourcing fosters competitive advantage in the fashion industry. This competitive advantage is achieved through strategic partnerships and alliances (d'Avolio, Bandinelli, and Rinaldi, 2015 ). Outsourcing enhances competitive strategies that are required in the current global market. This argument is supported by Lin, Piercy, and Campbell (2013) who notes that through outsourcing, companies within the fashion industry can get quality products and raise the productivity of the company. It is paramount to note that companies can enhance their supply chain management so as to reach greater markets for prosperity (Lueg, Pedersen, and Clemmensen, 2015). It is worth noting that outsourcing helps in increasing the economies of scale as a result of the greater investment. The rate of return on investment is equally high. With outsourcing, companies enjoy enhanced operational flexibility that is presented in numerous ways. For example, companies have greater access to a broad and diverse workforce at their disposal, and therefore, they are relieved from maintaining the workforce on a permanent basis. In this regard, companies are able to benefit from the contact personnel without the stress of idle workforce or layoffs (Izquierdo-Yusta, Labajo, Jimnez-Zarco, and Martnez-Ruiz, 2016; Tselon, 2016). As such, this flexibility allows companies to adjust production capacity and workforce capacity according to the market trends and the changing requirements. It is imperative to note that with outsourcing, companies have the capacity to handle unforeseen risks and events such as work errors, changes in management, and changes in production plans, and unanticipated delays. Additionally, flexibility enables companies in the fashion industry to deliver products and services to their customers without delays (Tse lon, 2016; Izquierdo-Yusta et al., 2016). Flexibility promotes customer satisfaction. Proponents of outsourcing argue that it helps companies to free up limited time and capital funds to entirely focus on core activities of the business (Lin, Piercy, and Campbell, 2013). Consequently, ancillary duties or jobs can be done by contracted organizations, companies, or individuals. Fashion industry businesses especially those that are engaged in manufacturing can find the latest production technology with relative ease. Mahmood and Kess (2016) have noted that companies can also acquire equipment without necessarily buying them. Furthermore, the cost of maintaining such equipment is small. It suffices to point out that a good outsourcing relationship enables companies to attain new business networks with other partners (Lueg, Pedersen, and Clemmensen, 2015). For example, Zara which is a fashion company has formed a partnership with like-minded companies in order to expand its retail chains across the world. The fashion industry is very competitive. Only companies that produce customized accessories and products remain relevant in the market. Through outsourcing, companies can efficiently locate good suppliers who can supply quality raw materials for better production (Manuel and Herrero, 2014). Other than quality raw materials, there is the benefit of quick delivery as companies have several suppliers to choose from. For instance, a fashion company that deals in precious metals will be in a position to outsource the supply to a competent mining company. Having a broad database of suppliers enhances production and promoted efficiency (Andrade, Sousa, and Alves, 2015 d'Avolio, Bandinelli, and Rinaldi, 2015; Bonetti, and Schiavone, 2014). On the other, companies dealing in textiles can acquire raw materials such as cotton much easier. Outsourcing widens the scope of producer-supplier relationships. Outsourcing provides a unique source of leverage as far as the value chain is concerned (Radlo, 2016; Shen, and Li, 2015; Ceccagno, 2016). In respect to this, fashion companies ought to develop effective strategies that are aimed at seeking out knowledge gaps and imperfect markets that they uniquely qualified to fill. Further, with outsourcing, companies can identify opportunities where there are potential investments so as to leverage their intellectual resources (Tselon, 2016; Lueg, Pedersen, and Clemmensen, 2015). Zara, a fashion company that has heavily invested in high-end street fashion, is concentrating in designing new products to meet the demand of their consumer as their appointed service providers avail these products in time to the various markets worldwide. Further, Zara conducts some specialized test-feedback mechanisms that support carefully chosen knowledge-based products for the fashion industry. In this sense, outsourcing is critical in enhancing value chain in comp anies that produce fashion items and services (Nenni, Giustiniano, and Pirolo, 2013; Izquierdo-Yusta et al., 2016). With outsourcing, companies in the fashion industry can easily access raw materials required by the business. Countries are endowed differently regarding raw materials (Mahmood, and Kess, 2016). As such, companies, through outsourcing can be able to acquire the necessary raw materials. In addition to this, these companies have the opportunity to forego transportation costs of raw material as they are only used in countries where the outsourcing has been done (Nagurney, and Li, 2015). Some of the raw materials that are used in the fashion industry are perishable. This means that transporting them over long distances is not feasible and can lead to irreparable losses to the companies. In this case, it is only prudent for these companies to outsource their operations and services (Manuel and Herrero, 2014). The fashion industry can derive a lot of benefits from outsourcing regarding cultural relativity and cultural competence. By outsourcing products and services, companies in this industry can address the specific needs of customers all over the world. Studies have shown that managing the rapid changes in the fashion industry requires specificity of activities and innovative approaches (Lueg, Pedersen, and Clemmensen, 2015). Therefore, through outsourcing, the fashion industry is likely to expand spontaneously (Nenni, Giustiniano, and Pirolo, 2013; Ceccagno, 2016). Indeed, through outsourcing, these can companies can derive specific ideas to will inform their future fashion trends. Disadvantages of Outsourcing in the Fashion Industry Several studies have shown that outsourcing has devastating effects on the domestic fashion industry (Bonetti, and Schiavone, 2014). For instance, the total number of employees in the United States of America who work in the fashion industry is estimated to be over three million (Radlo, 2016; Tselon, 2016). The textile mill employed more than five thousand people. Today, many people are being laid off because companies have decided to outsource their operations (Shen, and Li, 2015). In this regard, outsourcing contributes to the exportation of jobs. This is a negative impact as many people are laid off in order to pave the way for huge profit margins from outsourcing. One of the main concerns with outsourcing work in the fashion industry is the lack of oversight for businesses. In several instances where companies decide to outsource their production, they may lack the capacity to offer effective manufacturing process (Izquierdo-Yusta et al., 2016; Radhakrishnan, 2015). Companies may end up getting substandard textiles as a result of the unskilled workforce and even poor working conditions. The fact that the face value of outsourcing portends a lot for companies, it is prone to abuse. The company may decide to outsource operations to countries where wages are low, yet such low wages demoralizes employees (Sardar, Lee, and Memon, 2016; Shen, and Li, 2015). In the end, the company may have to contend with low-quality products that will be rejected in the markets. In overall, when outsourcing is not down properly, it results in low-quality products and services. This arises in the event that there are weakmanagement and poor coordination of the outso urced operations. It is vital to point out that the fashion industry is culture conscious. In this respect, outsourcing operations may affect the perceptions of customers from different regions (d'Avolio, Bandinelli, and Rinaldi, 2015; Shen, and Li, 2015). As much as reducing cost is facilitated by outsourcing, it impedes particular tastes and preferences. Another risk that is associated with outsourcing in the fashion industry is the likelihood of running out of business. Radhakrishnan (2015) notes that it is a fact that outsourcing has led to the loss of business to many companies. For example, a company the outsource operations such as the production of make-ups can lose the business in the long run if the partner decided to take away the technology (Shen, and Li, 2015; Ceccagno, 2016; Lueg, Pedersen, and Clemmensen, 2015). Outsourcing creates high vulnerability chance to companies hence leading to massive losses. Similarly, in case a business partner that has been given the authority to carry out production becomes bankrupt, the outsourcing company incurs huge loses. The outsourcing company may be forced to search for another service provider with strict timelines (Shen, and Li, 2015; Izquierdo-Yusta et al., 2016). This scenario leads to huge financial loss and disorientation of the company operations. Outsourcing may be more expensive even if cost reduction is its basis (Izquierdo-Yusta et al., 2016). Some studies have argued that it is much more feasible to keep some operations of the company in-house. For example, a fashion designing company may find it cheaper to hire a designer instead of outsourcing the service to another company (d'Avolio, Bandinelli, and Rinaldi, 2015). Cortez et al. (2014) argue that due diligence should be made to ensure that decisions relating to outsourcing are economically viable. Failing to consider all the principal factors may result in higher costs than it was contemplated before. In this respect, fashion companies should conduct thorough and extensive market research so as to be aware of all factors before making outsourcing decisions (Manuel and Herrero, 2014). Another danger that is associated with outsourcing in the fashion industry is data security. In the globalized economy, there is the race to gain the competitive edge. Outsourcing operations mean that a company has to give much information to the service provider (Shen, and Li, 2015). The transfer of the information compromises its security. In some instances, these pieces information have there are times when designs are leaked to competitors. Such competitors often struggle to produce goods and services based on the leaked information (Lueg, Pedersen, and Clemmensen, 2015). Ideally, in the fashion industry, counterfeiting and imitations are common. When this occurs, the companies in this industry will ultimately run out of business. Additionally, the fashion business requires efficient coordination of operations because fashion is dynamic. The decision to embrace outsourcing may result in a slow response to customer concerns (Nenni, Giustiniano, and Pirolo, 2013; Bonetti, and Schia vone, 2014). This is mostly evident in circumstances where there is not proper coordination and communication between the outsourcing company and the service provider. In this case, it becomes difficult to keep the pace with the ever-changing face of the fashion industry (Shen, and Li, 2015). In conclusion, the fashion industry is rapidly growing. The level of competition is equally high. Companies are striving to gain the competitive advantage so as to remain relevant. There are also significant changes in consumer taste and preferences that must be appropriately addressed. Globalization which is the biggest force in the business realm has resulted in several impacts. There is a plethora of literature that indicates that companies in the fashion industry are adopting outsourcing as a business strategy. The practice of outsourcing has both advantages and disadvantages in the fashion industry. However, the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. In this regard, companies can engage in outsourcing only after a proper analysis of the prevailing circumstances. Business is required to conduct thorough and extensive market research in order to understand the prevailing conditions before making decisions that pertain to outsourcing. In a nutshell, outsourcing is a business strategy tha t enhances growth through widened markets and revenues. References Andrade, S., Sousa, P. and Alves, M.R., 2015. International Outsourcing: a process approach to the apparel industry. Revista Brasileira de Gesto de Negcios, octubre-diciembre, pp.1444-1463. Bonetti, E. and Schiavone, F., 2014. Identifying and mapping strategic groups in the fashion industry. International Studies of Management Organization, 44(1), pp.55-69. Caniato, F., Crippa, L., Pero, M., Sianesi, A. and Spina, G., 2015. Internationalisation and outsourcing of operations and product development in the fashion industry. Production Planning Control, 26(9), pp.706-722. Ceccagno, A., 2016. Compressing diversity: ethnicization of the workforce and outsourcing of social reproduction as assets for the italian fashion industry. Journal of Population and Social Studies, 2(1), pp.92-111. Choi, T.M., Wallace, S.W. and Wang, Y., 2016.Risk management and coordination in service supply chains: information, logistics and outsourcing. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 67(2), pp.159-164. Cortez, M.A., Tu, N.T., Van Anh, D., Ng, B.Z. and Vegafria, E., 2014. Fast fashion quadrangle: An analysis. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 18(1), p.1. d'Avolio, E., Bandinelli, R. and Rinaldi, R., 2015. Improving new product development in the fashion industry through product lifecycle management: a descriptive analysis. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 8(2), pp.108-121. Izquierdo-Yusta, A., Labajo, V., Jimnez-Zarco, A.I. and Martnez-Ruiz, M.P., 2016. Online Distribution Strategies: A Mix of Globalization and Diversification in the Fashion Market. In Handbook of Research on Strategic Retailing of Private Label Products in a Recovering Economy (pp. 491-512). IGI Global. Lin, S., Piercy, N. and Campbell, C., 2013. Beyond the make-or-buy dichotomy: outsourcing creativity in the fashion sector. Production Planning Control, 24(4-5), pp.294-307. Lueg, R., Pedersen, M.M. and Clemmensen, S.N., 2015. The role of corporate sustainability in a low?cost business modelA case study in the Scandinavian fashion industry. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(5), pp.344-359. Macchion, L., Moretto, A., Caniato, F., Caridi, M., Danese, P. and Vinelli, A., 2015. Production and supply network strategies within the fashion industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 163, pp.173-188. Mahmood, S. and Kess, P., 2016. An Overview of Demand Management through Demand Supply Chain in Fashion Industry. International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, 2(12), pp.7-19. Manuel Hurtado Gonzlez, J. and Herrero Chacn, I., 2014. The causal effects of product innovation, web technology and vertical integration on firm efficiency in the fashion industry. Innovation, 16(1), pp.144-157. Nagurney, A. and Li, D., 2015. A supply chain network game theory model with product differentiation, outsourcing of production and distribution, and quality and price competition. Annals of Operations Research, 226(1), pp.479-503. Nenni, M.E., Giustiniano, L. and Pirolo, L., 2013. Demand forecasting in the fashion industry: a review. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 5, p.37. Radlo, M.J., 2016. Explaining and Modeling Offshoring and Outsourcing in Enterprises. In Offshoring, Outsourcing and Production Fragmentation (pp. 98-126). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Radhakrishnan, S., 2015. Social Impacts of the Clothing and Fashion Industry. In Handbook of Sustainable Apparel Production (pp. 207-228). CRC Press. Sardar, S., Lee, Y.H. and Memon, M.S., 2016. A Sustainable Outsourcing Strategy Regarding Cost, Capacity Flexibility, and Risk in a Textile Supply Chain. Sustainability, 8(3), p.234. Shen, B. and Li, Q., 2015. Impacts of returning unsold products in retail outsourcing fashion supply chain: A sustainability analysis. Sustainability, 7(2), pp.1172-1185. Tselon, E., 2016. On Being Human in a Consumer Society: Fashion Skirts the Ethical Agenda. Being Human in a Consumer Society, p.159.